{"id":952,"date":"2023-02-28T00:47:57","date_gmt":"2023-02-28T00:47:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/?page_id=952"},"modified":"2023-03-07T00:53:16","modified_gmt":"2023-03-07T00:53:16","slug":"convent-religious","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/?page_id=952","title":{"rendered":"Convent Religious"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-columns stk-block-columns stk-block stk-d5db3a3\" data-block-id=\"d5db3a3\"><div class=\"stk-row stk-inner-blocks stk-block-content stk-content-align stk-d5db3a3-column\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-column stk-block-column stk-block-column--v3 stk-column stk-block-column--v2 stk-block stk-51b6e4d\" data-block-id=\"51b6e4d\"><div class=\"stk-column-wrapper stk-block-column__content stk-container stk-51b6e4d-container stk--no-background stk--no-padding\"><div class=\"stk-block-content stk-inner-blocks stk-51b6e4d-inner-blocks\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-columns stk-block-columns stk-block stk-b075ebd\" data-block-id=\"b075ebd\"><div class=\"stk-row stk-inner-blocks stk-block-content stk-content-align stk-b075ebd-column\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-column stk-block-column stk-block-column--v3 stk-column stk-block-column--v2 stk-block stk-347c83a\" data-block-id=\"347c83a\"><style>.stk-347c83a-container{background-image:url(https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/kids1918-1.jpg) !important;background-attachment:fixed !important;background-position:top center !important;background-repeat:no-repeat !important;background-size:contain !important}.stk-347c83a-container:before{background-color:#000000 !important;opacity:0.5 !important}<\/style><div class=\"stk-column-wrapper stk-block-column__content stk-container stk-347c83a-container stk-hover-parent stk--has-background-overlay\"><div class=\"stk-block-content stk-inner-blocks stk-347c83a-inner-blocks\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-luminous-vivid-amber-color has-text-color has-x-large-font-size\"><strong>Religious and Recreational Items Recovered<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-columns stk-block-columns stk-block stk-fe1bbe6\" data-block-id=\"fe1bbe6\"><div class=\"stk-row stk-inner-blocks stk-block-content stk-content-align stk-fe1bbe6-column\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-column stk-block-column stk-block-column--v3 stk-column stk-block-column--v2 stk-block stk-09cb4b7\" data-block-id=\"09cb4b7\"><style>@media screen and (min-width:690px){.stk-09cb4b7{flex:1 1 calc(25% - var(--stk-column-gap,0px) * 1 \/ 2 ) !important}}<\/style><div class=\"stk-column-wrapper stk-block-column__content stk-container stk-09cb4b7-container stk--no-background stk--no-padding\"><div class=\"stk-block-content stk-inner-blocks stk-09cb4b7-inner-blocks\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized has-custom-border\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Outhou26.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"has-border-color has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color wp-image-1108\" style=\"border-width:3px;border-radius:10px\" width=\"209\" height=\"379\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><strong><span style=\"color: var(--theme-palette-color-8, #ffffff);\" class=\"stk-highlight\">Crucifix found in the section closest to the Convent\/Chapel building<\/span><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Outhou28.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1109\" width=\"108\" height=\"153\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><strong><span style=\"color: var(--theme-palette-color-8, #ffffff);\" class=\"stk-highlight\">Christ<\/span><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Outhou29.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1110\" width=\"154\" height=\"233\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><strong><span style=\"color: var(--theme-palette-color-8, #ffffff);\" class=\"stk-highlight\">Miraculous Infant, Jesus of Prague<\/span><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"210\" height=\"99\" src=\"https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Outhou27.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1113\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><strong><span style=\"color: var(--theme-palette-color-8, #ffffff);\" class=\"stk-highlight\">Heart necklaces<\/span><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"207\" height=\"268\" src=\"https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Outhou32.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1121\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><strong><span style=\"color: var(--theme-palette-color-8, #ffffff);\" class=\"stk-highlight\">Poured bisque doll head<\/span><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"272\" height=\"348\" src=\"https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Outhou33.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1122\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Outhou33.jpg 272w, https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Outhou33-234x300.jpg 234w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 272px) 100vw, 272px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><strong><span style=\"color: var(--theme-palette-color-8, #ffffff);\" class=\"stk-highlight\">Frozen Charlottes<\/span><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-column stk-block-column stk-block-column--v3 stk-column stk-block-column--v2 stk-block stk-36ec0c8\" data-block-id=\"36ec0c8\"><style>@media screen and (min-width:690px){.stk-36ec0c8{flex:1 1 calc(75% - var(--stk-column-gap,0px) * 1 \/ 2 ) !important}}<\/style><div class=\"stk-column-wrapper stk-block-column__content stk-container stk-36ec0c8-container stk--no-background stk--no-padding\"><div class=\"stk-block-content stk-inner-blocks stk-36ec0c8-inner-blocks\">\n<p class=\"has-palette-color-8-color has-text-color\"><strong><span style=\"color: #222222;background-color: #f34957\" class=\"stk-highlight\">Religious Artifacts<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Outhou24.gif\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1111\" width=\"437\" height=\"253\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><strong><span style=\"color: var(--theme-palette-color-8, #ffffff);\" class=\"stk-highlight\">Religious items by location<\/span><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-palette-color-8-color has-text-color\"><strong>The fact that the Academy was a Catholic school that included a special Chapel building and convent, suggested that religious items should be present along with the other refuse recovered from the privy.<br><br>A graph of religious items based on their location within the privy indicated that rosary beads were more numerous than any of the other items. &nbsp;The number and locations of the beads suggest that they were likely owned by most students and teachers and that they were conveniently disposed of wherever they happened to break.<br><br>Crucifix items were only found in Unit C (closest to the convent\/Chapel building). &nbsp; Medallions (Miraculous Infant, Jesus of Prague A-142, and Christ U-103) and silver heart necklaces (probably representing the \u201cImmaculate Heart Order\u201d) were found in Unit A (nearest the dining hall).<br><br>Why would heart necklaces and medallions be found in the privy section nearest the kitchen\/dining hall and not near the Chapel\/ convent building?<br><br>As was discussed above in the \u201cPersonal Living\u201d section, it is likely that much of the personal hygiene activities (bathing, face washing, etc.) took place in the kitchen\/dining building. &nbsp;This structure housed a kitchen and laundry area. &nbsp;Sanborn maps depict a large kettle mounted on a brick firebox that would have been used to heat water for laundry. &nbsp;As the kitchen would have had both hot and cold water available early in the morning and late in the evening, it would have been the natural place for both students and nuns to take baths and conduct other personal hygiene activities.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-palette-color-8-color has-text-color\"><strong>Medallions and heart necklaces were likely worn all the time and only removed during bathing. &nbsp;Their removal in the kitchen\/laundry area would have increased the chances that they would break or get lost in this area\u2026 thus their final location in the privy section nearest the kitchen building (Unit A).<br><br>A large crucifix would have been worn primarily by nuns on outside clothing. &nbsp;These articles of clothing would have been changed more often in their personal dormitory rooms located in the Chapel\/convent building. &nbsp;It is logical that breakage and loss of these items would have occurred more regularly at that location\u2026 thus their final location in the privy section nearest the Chapel\/convent building (Unit C).<br><br>Other religious items included a small porcelain bell with cross design and a plaster-robed figure with bare feet (unidentifiable).<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-columns stk-block-columns stk-block stk-f230dfd\" data-block-id=\"f230dfd\"><style>.stk-f230dfd{margin-bottom:2px !important}<\/style><div class=\"stk-row stk-inner-blocks stk-block-content stk-content-align stk-f230dfd-column\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-column stk-block-column stk-block-column--v3 stk-column stk-block-column--v2 stk-block stk-9886b69\" data-block-id=\"9886b69\"><div class=\"stk-column-wrapper stk-block-column__content stk-container stk-9886b69-container stk--no-background stk--no-padding\"><div class=\"stk-block-content stk-inner-blocks stk-9886b69-inner-blocks\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Outhou30.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1115\" width=\"283\" height=\"183\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><strong><span style=\"color: var(--theme-palette-color-8, #ffffff);\" class=\"stk-highlight\">Holy water bottle<\/span><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-column stk-block-column stk-block-column--v3 stk-column stk-block-column--v2 stk-block stk-fb1e7fd\" data-block-id=\"fb1e7fd\"><div class=\"stk-column-wrapper stk-block-column__content stk-container stk-fb1e7fd-container stk--no-background stk--no-padding\"><div class=\"stk-block-content stk-inner-blocks stk-fb1e7fd-inner-blocks\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"409\" height=\"199\" src=\"https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Outhou25.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1114\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Outhou25.jpg 409w, https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Outhou25-300x146.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 409px) 100vw, 409px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><strong><span style=\"color: var(--theme-palette-color-8, #ffffff);\" class=\"stk-highlight\">Rosary beads<\/span><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-palette-color-8-color has-text-color\"><strong><span style=\"color: #222222;background-color: #f34957\" class=\"stk-highlight\">Recreation Items<\/span><\/strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"400\" height=\"462\" class=\"wp-image-1118\" style=\"width: 400px;\" src=\"https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Outhou31-1.gif\" alt=\"\"><strong><br><br>Whenever a group of kids get together, there will always be toys. \u00a0The graphs at right suggest that most recreation activities took place west of the privy (the direction of the Chapel building). \u00a0\u00a0A sandbox feature was discovered west and north of the privy and associated with the Immaculate Heart Academy. \u00a0All jax and marbles were found in Unit A and may suggest indoor recreation took place in the dining hall during rainy days.<br><br>Although it is difficult to assign gender values to particular toys, at least three of the classes of toys listed on the graph are suggestive of girl related activities (jax, dolls, toy dishes). \u00a0Marbles and toy weapons (gun and hatchet) are frequently listed as boy related items. \u00a0The \u201cbike\u201d listing on the graph is associated with spoked wheels originally believed to be from a tricycle, however, it is more likely that they were from a real or doll\u2019s baby carriage. \u00a0The existence of a boy\u2019s school northeast of the privy indicates that boys were in the area, however their use of the Immaculate Heart privy and their interaction with girls from the Academy is unknown.<br><br>Not listed in the graph are two harmonica pieces; one from Unit A and one from Unit C.<br><br>Porcelain doll parts appear to represent the majority of recreational items recovered. \u00a0Most doll parts were poured bisque head pieces of the type manufactured in Germany during the 1890\u2019s (Coleman 1986:143, 463). \u00a0Some of these pieces had embossed lettering; \u201c8 Germany\u201d, \u201c..\u2026any\u201d, \u201cD &amp;  Kuep\/5.oa\u201d, and \u201c250\u201d. \u00a0\u00a0Also recovered were pieces of 4 Frozen Charlotte dolls (Coleman 1986:445). \u00a0These dolls were very popular and were manufactured by C.F. Lauer (1887) and possibly Oscar Strasburger &amp; Co. (1880).<br><br>Related to the doll parts was the recovery of a doll feeding bottle. \u00a0This tiny blown, two piece mold \u201cC. B.\u201d bottle even had measurement graduations embossed on the side.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-columns stk-block-columns stk-block stk-a1af18f\" data-block-id=\"a1af18f\"><style>.stk-a1af18f{margin-bottom:0px !important}<\/style><div class=\"stk-row stk-inner-blocks stk-block-content stk-content-align stk-a1af18f-column\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-column stk-block-column stk-block-column--v3 stk-column stk-block-column--v2 stk-block stk-b4019f5\" data-block-id=\"b4019f5\"><div class=\"stk-column-wrapper stk-block-column__content stk-container stk-b4019f5-container stk--no-background stk--no-padding\"><div class=\"stk-block-content stk-inner-blocks stk-b4019f5-inner-blocks\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"358\" height=\"244\" src=\"https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Outhou35.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1119\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Outhou35.jpg 358w, https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Outhou35-300x204.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 358px) 100vw, 358px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><strong><span style=\"color: var(--theme-palette-color-8, #ffffff);\" class=\"stk-highlight\">Harmonicas<\/span><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-column stk-block-column stk-block-column--v3 stk-column stk-block-column--v2 stk-block stk-54d765d\" data-block-id=\"54d765d\"><div class=\"stk-column-wrapper stk-block-column__content stk-container stk-54d765d-container stk--no-background stk--no-padding\"><div class=\"stk-block-content stk-inner-blocks stk-54d765d-inner-blocks\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Outhou34.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1120\" width=\"191\" height=\"247\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><strong><span style=\"color: var(--theme-palette-color-8, #ffffff);\" class=\"stk-highlight\">Dolls baby bottle<\/span><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-palette-color-8-color has-text-color\"><strong>Toy dinnerware included 2 bowls, 3 cups, 9 saucers, one plate and one sugar bowl.<br><br>Two marbles were recovered from Unit A. &nbsp;Both were unglazed clay marbles and were likely manufactured during the 1880-90\u2019s (Webb 1994:19, 90).<br><br>One steel jax piece was recovered from Unit A (A-231).<br><br>A steel toy six-shooter and a small steel Indian-style tomahawk were recovered from Unit C.<br><br>Two harmonica pieces were recovered, one brass (C-86) and one zinc (A-230).<br><br>Unusual items included the clay articulated jaw of what appeared to be a canine animal or alligator (C-77) and the broken piece of a poker chip (A-232).<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Religious and Recreational Items Recovered Religious Artifacts The fact that the Academy was a Catholic school that included a special Chapel building and convent, suggested that religious items should be present along with the other refuse recovered from the privy. A graph of religious items based on their location within the privy indicated that rosary [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-952","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"blocksy_meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/952","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=952"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/952\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1126,"href":"https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/952\/revisions\/1126"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=952"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}