{"id":472,"date":"2023-02-21T01:24:59","date_gmt":"2023-02-21T01:24:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/?page_id=472"},"modified":"2023-03-11T01:20:47","modified_gmt":"2023-03-11T01:20:47","slug":"fretas-adobe","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/?page_id=472","title":{"rendered":"Freitas Adobe"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-columns stk-block-columns stk-block stk-d5db3a3\" data-block-id=\"d5db3a3\"><div class=\"stk-row stk-inner-blocks stk-block-content stk-content-align stk-d5db3a3-column\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-column stk-block-column stk-block-column--v3 stk-column stk-block-column--v2 stk-block stk-51b6e4d\" data-block-id=\"51b6e4d\"><div class=\"stk-column-wrapper stk-block-column__content stk-container stk-51b6e4d-container stk--no-background stk--no-padding\"><div class=\"stk-block-content stk-inner-blocks stk-51b6e4d-inner-blocks\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-columns stk-block-columns stk-block stk-b075ebd\" data-block-id=\"b075ebd\"><div class=\"stk-row stk-inner-blocks stk-block-content stk-content-align stk-b075ebd-column\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-column stk-block-column stk-block-column--v3 stk-column stk-block-column--v2 stk-block stk-347c83a\" data-block-id=\"347c83a\"><style>.stk-347c83a-container{background-image:url(https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Frontbeforework.jpg) !important;background-attachment:fixed !important;background-position:top center !important;background-repeat:no-repeat !important;background-size:cover !important}.stk-347c83a-container:before{background-color:#000000 !important;opacity:0.6 !important}<\/style><div class=\"stk-column-wrapper stk-block-column__content stk-container stk-347c83a-container stk-hover-parent stk--has-background-overlay\"><div class=\"stk-block-content stk-inner-blocks stk-347c83a-inner-blocks\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-luminous-vivid-amber-color has-text-color has-x-large-font-size\"><strong>The Freitas Adobe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-columns stk-block-columns stk-block stk-fe1bbe6\" data-block-id=\"fe1bbe6\"><div class=\"stk-row stk-inner-blocks stk-block-content stk-content-align stk-fe1bbe6-column\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-column stk-block-column stk-block-column--v3 stk-column stk-block-column--v2 stk-block stk-09cb4b7\" data-block-id=\"09cb4b7\"><style>@media screen and (min-width:690px){.stk-09cb4b7{flex:1 1 calc(25% - var(--stk-column-gap,0px) * 1 \/ 2 ) !important}}<\/style><div class=\"stk-column-wrapper stk-block-column__content stk-container stk-09cb4b7-container stk--no-background stk--no-padding\"><div class=\"stk-block-content stk-inner-blocks stk-09cb4b7-inner-blocks\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large has-custom-border\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1016\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/1987shot-1016x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"has-border-color has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color wp-image-1290\" style=\"border-width:3px;border-radius:10px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/1987shot-1016x1024.jpg 1016w, https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/1987shot-298x300.jpg 298w, https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/1987shot-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/1987shot-768x774.jpg 768w, https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/1987shot.jpg 1191w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1016px) 100vw, 1016px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><strong><span style=\"color: var(--theme-palette-color-8, #ffffff);\" class=\"stk-highlight\">Image of the adobe after it&#8217;s 1906 Victorian renovation.<\/span><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large has-custom-border\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/anglebeforework-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"has-border-color has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color wp-image-1291\" style=\"border-width:3px;border-radius:10px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/anglebeforework-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/anglebeforework-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/anglebeforework-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/anglebeforework.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><strong><span style=\"color: var(--theme-palette-color-8, #ffffff);\" class=\"stk-highlight\">The adobe structure as it looked with the wooden Victorian additions removed.<\/span><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-divider stk-block-divider stk-block stk-3821a9f is-style-bar\" data-block-id=\"3821a9f\"><style>.stk-3821a9f{margin-bottom:1px !important}.stk-3821a9f hr.stk-block-divider__hr{background:var(--theme-palette-color-2,#55a630) !important;width:91% !important}<\/style><hr class=\"stk-block-divider__hr\"\/><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-palette-color-8-color has-text-color\"><strong><span style=\"color: #222222;background-color: var(--theme-palette-color-2, #55a630)\" class=\"stk-highlight\">Native American Use<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized has-custom-border\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/2b-104-200-297-298.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"has-border-color has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color wp-image-1296\" style=\"border-width:3px;border-radius:10px\" width=\"182\" height=\"134\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/2b-104-200-297-298.jpg 372w, https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/2b-104-200-297-298-300x222.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 182px) 100vw, 182px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><strong><span style=\"color: var(--theme-palette-color-8, #ffffff);\" class=\"stk-highlight\">Shell bead use<\/span><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized has-custom-border\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/4-33.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"has-border-color has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color wp-image-1297\" style=\"border-width:3px;border-radius:10px\" width=\"168\" height=\"180\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/4-33.jpg 378w, https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/4-33-278x300.jpg 278w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 168px) 100vw, 168px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><strong><span style=\"color: var(--theme-palette-color-8, #ffffff);\" class=\"stk-highlight\">Chert flake scraper<\/span><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized has-custom-border\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/ut-8.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"has-border-color has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color wp-image-1298\" style=\"border-width:3px;border-radius:10px\" width=\"139\" height=\"259\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/ut-8.jpg 307w, https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/ut-8-161x300.jpg 161w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 139px) 100vw, 139px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><strong><span style=\"color: var(--theme-palette-color-8, #ffffff);\" class=\"stk-highlight\">Stone spear point<\/span><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-large is-resized has-custom-border\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/0-0-78b-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"has-border-color has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color wp-image-1299\" style=\"border-width:3px;border-radius:10px\" width=\"202\" height=\"134\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/0-0-78b-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/0-0-78b-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/0-0-78b-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/0-0-78b-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/0-0-78b-2048x1365.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 202px) 100vw, 202px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><strong><span style=\"color: var(--theme-palette-color-8, #ffffff);\" class=\"stk-highlight\">Bowl mortar<\/span><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-divider stk-block-divider stk-block stk-1c16f6a is-style-bar\" data-block-id=\"1c16f6a\"><style>.stk-1c16f6a{margin-bottom:0px !important}.stk-1c16f6a hr.stk-block-divider__hr{background:var(--theme-palette-color-2,#55a630) !important;width:91% !important}<\/style><hr class=\"stk-block-divider__hr\"\/><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-palette-color-8-color has-text-color\"><strong><span style=\"color: #222222;background-color: var(--theme-palette-color-2, #55a630)\" class=\"stk-highlight\">Chinese Immigration<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized has-custom-border\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/2a-164b.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"has-border-color has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color wp-image-1304\" style=\"border-width:3px;border-radius:10px\" width=\"149\" height=\"156\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><strong><span style=\"color: var(--theme-palette-color-8, #ffffff);\" class=\"stk-highlight\">Chinese porcelain rice bowl fragment chipped into an arrow point<\/span><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized has-custom-border\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/2c-69-70b.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"has-border-color has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color wp-image-1303\" style=\"border-width:3px;border-radius:10px\" width=\"220\" height=\"111\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/2c-69-70b.jpg 511w, https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/2c-69-70b-300x152.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 220px) 100vw, 220px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><strong><span style=\"color: var(--theme-palette-color-8, #ffffff);\" class=\"stk-highlight\">Emperor Shih Tsu and Emperor Cheng Tsu coins, minted 1644 -1661 and 1662 -1722.<\/span><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-divider stk-block-divider stk-block stk-18e4081 is-style-bar\" data-block-id=\"18e4081\"><style>.stk-18e4081{margin-bottom:0px !important}.stk-18e4081 hr.stk-block-divider__hr{background:var(--theme-palette-color-2,#55a630) !important;width:91% !important}<\/style><hr class=\"stk-block-divider__hr\"\/><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><strong><span style=\"color: #222222;background-color: var(--theme-palette-color-2, #55a630)\" class=\"stk-highlight\">Spanish Immigration<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized has-custom-border\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/12-1-50.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"has-border-color has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color wp-image-1317\" style=\"border-width:3px;border-radius:10px\" width=\"170\" height=\"210\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/12-1-50.jpg 275w, https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/12-1-50-243x300.jpg 243w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 170px) 100vw, 170px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><strong><span style=\"color: var(--theme-palette-color-8, #ffffff);\" class=\"stk-highlight\">Tlaquepaque polychrome<\/span><\/strong> <span style=\"color: var(--theme-palette-color-8, #ffffff);\" class=\"stk-highlight\"><strong>Mission ceramics<\/strong><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-column stk-block-column stk-block-column--v3 stk-column stk-block-column--v2 stk-block stk-36ec0c8\" data-block-id=\"36ec0c8\"><style>@media screen and (min-width:690px){.stk-36ec0c8{flex:1 1 calc(75% - var(--stk-column-gap,0px) * 1 \/ 2 ) !important}}<\/style><div class=\"stk-column-wrapper stk-block-column__content stk-container stk-36ec0c8-container stk--no-background stk--no-padding\"><div class=\"stk-block-content stk-inner-blocks stk-36ec0c8-inner-blocks\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-vivid-green-cyan-color has-text-color has-large-font-size\"><strong>Archaeological work allows the walls of a 225 year-old<\/strong><strong> adobe to talk<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-palette-color-8-color has-text-color has-link-color has-large-font-size wp-elements-da5d984da8e9a225d7d56ab21ec9c6dd\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.academia.edu\/9717797\/If_Walls_Could_Talk_One_Adobe_Experiences_225_Years_of_California_Immigration\" data-type=\"URL\" data-id=\"https:\/\/www.academia.edu\/9717797\/If_Walls_Could_Talk_One_Adobe_Experiences_225_Years_of_California_Immigration\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Click here to see the entire report<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-palette-color-8-color has-text-color\"><strong>Freitas Adobe was most likely constructed as part of the early development of Mission San Luis Obispo (~1788). It measured 32 feet long by 19 feet wide and had a south-facing entry that opened onto a covered cobblestone porch measuring 7 feet wide. The porch extended 10 feet beyond the eastern and western walls of the adobe. The adobe was constructed on the same alignment as the 1788 mission sanctuary structure located one block south.  A tile-covered water transport trench passed within 30 feet of the front of the adobe as it carried water to the Mission reservoir located just west of the structure.  Recovered artifacts suggest that a Native American family inhabited the adobe during this time.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-palette-color-8-color has-text-color\"><strong>The adobe appears to have been in continuous use throughout the Spanish Mission era and, through the Mexican era and early California statehood era.  In 1876, a Californio family with 3 children moved into the adobe. Three more children were born and the need for space prompted the family to add wooden additions to the north, east, and west sides of the existing structure (sometime before 1891).  The south-facing entrance and covered cobblestone porch remained intact and in use throughout this period.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-palette-color-8-color has-text-color\"><strong>In 1903, a change in ownership saw a change to residents of western European descent.  Wooden additions were made to the original structure changing it to a Victorian style home.  The south-facing entrance and cobblestone porch were abandon, and a new west-facing entrance and covered wooden porch added.  These additions covered over and cut off access to some of the pre-1903 features and ground surfaces (thereby preserving them).  The structure remained in this form until demolition and restoration in 2013.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-palette-color-8-color has-text-color\"><strong>12 historic features were discovered during the construction monitoring program.  These features included 3 historic trash pits, a &#8220;sheet-trash&#8221; deposit covering most of the parcel, the floor inside the adobe, a trash-filled water cistern, a cache of historic bottles, a Mission era cobble footing, a cobble pavement, a decorative garden path, a segment of the Mission aqueduct, and a cobble porch pavement. <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-divider stk-block-divider stk-block stk-4f7558f is-style-bar\" data-block-id=\"4f7558f\"><style>.stk-4f7558f{margin-bottom:0px !important}.stk-4f7558f hr.stk-block-divider__hr{background:var(--theme-palette-color-2,#55a630) !important;width:69% !important}<\/style><hr class=\"stk-block-divider__hr\"\/><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-medium-font-size\"><strong><span style=\"color: #222222;background-color: #f34957\" class=\"stk-highlight\">Eras of adobe use and a history of immigration in California<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #222222;background-color: var(--theme-palette-color-2, #55a630)\" class=\"stk-highlight\">Native American use:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-palette-color-8-color has-text-color\">Native American use of the adobe site was evidenced by the discovery of shell bead manufacturing material, chipped stone tool manufacturing, seed and nut gathering and preparation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized has-custom-border\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/2c-108-109.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"has-border-color has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color wp-image-1308\" style=\"border-width:3px;border-radius:10px\" width=\"429\" height=\"189\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/2c-108-109.jpg 822w, https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/2c-108-109-300x133.jpg 300w, https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/2c-108-109-768x340.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 429px) 100vw, 429px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><strong><span style=\"color: var(--theme-palette-color-8, #ffffff);\" class=\"stk-highlight\">Chert point and  bone awl<\/span><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-palette-color-8-color has-text-color\"><strong><span style=\"color: #222222;background-color: var(--theme-palette-color-2, #55a630)\" class=\"stk-highlight\">Chinese Immigration (pre-1772):<\/span><\/strong><br><strong>The recovery of Chinese coins and trade beads dating from the 1660&#8217;s and early 1700&#8217;s, coupled with a triangular arrow point chipped out of porcelain, suggest the presence of Chinese immigrants in the area before the arrival of the Spanish.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized has-custom-border\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/1-2-25-28-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"has-border-color has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color wp-image-1310\" style=\"border-width:3px;border-radius:10px\" width=\"476\" height=\"264\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/1-2-25-28-1.jpg 841w, https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/1-2-25-28-1-300x167.jpg 300w, https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/1-2-25-28-1-768x428.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 476px) 100vw, 476px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><strong><span style=\"color: var(--theme-palette-color-8, #ffffff);\" class=\"stk-highlight\">Chinese stoneware and porcelain<\/span><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-palette-color-8-color has-text-color\"><strong><span style=\"color: #222222;background-color: var(--theme-palette-color-2, #55a630)\" class=\"stk-highlight\">Spanish Immigration (1772-1822):<\/span><\/strong><br><strong>Artifacts recovered (see Features 1, 3, and 12) indicate that the adobe was constructed as part of the Mission San Luis Obispo complex. Records note that between 1802 and 1810, 74 adobes were constructed near the mission to house Native American families. Though it is possible that the Freitas Adobe was one of these structures, it is more likely that the adobe was built during the early mission development (in the 1780&#8217;s). The existence of the mission reservoir and water conveyance system, immediately adjacent to the adobe, suggest the structure may have housed the family charged with maintaining this water system.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-palette-color-8-color has-text-color\"><strong>Based on artifacts recovered, the adobe housed one or more Native American families throughout this period. These artifacts suggest that the following activities were taking place:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-columns stk-block-columns stk-block stk-44c5e37\" data-block-id=\"44c5e37\"><style>.stk-44c5e37{margin-bottom:0px !important}<\/style><div class=\"stk-row stk-inner-blocks stk-block-content stk-content-align stk-44c5e37-column\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-column stk-block-column stk-block-column--v3 stk-column stk-block-column--v2 stk-block stk-8a0749a\" data-block-id=\"8a0749a\"><div class=\"stk-column-wrapper stk-block-column__content stk-container stk-8a0749a-container stk--no-background stk--no-padding\"><div class=\"stk-block-content stk-inner-blocks stk-8a0749a-inner-blocks\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-luminous-vivid-amber-color has-text-color\"><strong>Shellfish gathering and eating<br>Fishing and eating<br>Wild animal hunting (bow and arrow)<br>Domestic stock eating<br>Wild seed and nut gathering<br>Wild seed and nut preparation<br>Peach and cherry eating<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-column stk-block-column stk-block-column--v3 stk-column stk-block-column--v2 stk-block stk-44bf909\" data-block-id=\"44bf909\"><div class=\"stk-column-wrapper stk-block-column__content stk-container stk-44bf909-container stk--no-background stk--no-padding\"><div class=\"stk-block-content stk-inner-blocks stk-44bf909-inner-blocks\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-luminous-vivid-amber-color has-text-color\"><strong>Ceramic earthenware cookware use<br>Shell bead manufacture<br>Stone tool manufacture<br>Basketry manufacture<br>Personal adornment<\/strong><br><strong>Intercultural trade and exchange<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized has-custom-border\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/2b-125-127.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"has-border-color has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color wp-image-1313\" style=\"border-width:3px;border-radius:10px\" width=\"392\" height=\"261\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/2b-125-127.jpg 544w, https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/2b-125-127-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 392px) 100vw, 392px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><strong><span style=\"color: var(--theme-palette-color-8, #ffffff);\" class=\"stk-highlight\">Mission ware and Galera ware pottery <\/span><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-palette-color-8-color has-text-color\"><strong><span style=\"color: #222222;background-color: var(--theme-palette-color-2, #55a630)\" class=\"stk-highlight\">Mexican Immigration (1822-1870):<\/span><\/strong><br><strong>Beginning in the mid-1830&#8217;s, a change in &#8220;time sensitive artifacts&#8221; suggests a change in residency at the adobe (see Features 1, 5 and 10). This corresponds with the secularization of the missions in 1834. Throughout this period, it appears that Mexican families resided in the adobe and maintained it in its original &#8220;mission-era&#8221; form.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-palette-color-8-color has-text-color\"><strong>Though this period includes California independence (1846) and early statehood (1850-70), there is no artifactual evidence of cultural or ethnic change in the use of the adobe. This suggests that these statewide &#8220;political&#8221; changes had little affect on the local culture and economy. The charted time markers and other recovered materials indicate the following activities were taking place during this period:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-columns stk-block-columns stk-block stk-a3a88d1\" data-block-id=\"a3a88d1\"><style>.stk-a3a88d1{margin-bottom:0px !important}<\/style><div class=\"stk-row stk-inner-blocks stk-block-content stk-content-align stk-a3a88d1-column\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-column stk-block-column stk-block-column--v3 stk-column stk-block-column--v2 stk-block stk-59c78ec\" data-block-id=\"59c78ec\"><div class=\"stk-column-wrapper stk-block-column__content stk-container stk-59c78ec-container stk--no-background stk--no-padding\"><div class=\"stk-block-content stk-inner-blocks stk-59c78ec-inner-blocks\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-luminous-vivid-amber-color has-text-color\"><strong>Hunting (muzzle loader)<br>Domestic stock eating<br>Peach and cherry eating<br>Vegetable growing and eating<br>Ceramic earthenware cookware use<br>Personal adornment (beads)<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-column stk-block-column stk-block-column--v3 stk-column stk-block-column--v2 stk-block stk-00f0f80\" data-block-id=\"00f0f80\"><div class=\"stk-column-wrapper stk-block-column__content stk-container stk-00f0f80-container stk--no-background stk--no-padding\"><div class=\"stk-block-content stk-inner-blocks stk-00f0f80-inner-blocks\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-luminous-vivid-amber-color has-text-color\"><strong>Limited clothing repair<br>Recreation (smoking)<br>Children activities (marbles)<br>Teaching (slate boards)<br>Construction (cut and wrought nails)<br>Intercultural trade and exchange<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-palette-color-8-color has-text-color\"><strong><span style=\"color: #222222;background-color: var(--theme-palette-color-2, #55a630)\" class=\"stk-highlight\">Western European Immigration (1870-1903):<\/span><\/strong><br><strong>Though ownership and census records indicate a Californio family lived at the adobe for most of this period, materials recovered indicate a focus on western-European and American manufactured goods (see Features 1, 5, and 10). Artifacts from this time period appear to represent general household refuse during the early days of the City of San Luis Obispo through the coming of the railroad. <\/strong><strong>Records indicate a family with 6 children lived at the adobe throughout most of this period. Three of these children were born at the adobe. Sometime before 1891, wooden additions were added to the structure to accommodate this growing family.  In addition, a second cobble porch was added along the eastern side of the structure. The charted time markers and other recovered materials indicate the following activities during this period:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-columns stk-block-columns stk-block stk-30c37e9\" data-block-id=\"30c37e9\"><style>.stk-30c37e9{margin-bottom:0px !important}<\/style><div class=\"stk-row stk-inner-blocks stk-block-content stk-content-align stk-30c37e9-column\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-column stk-block-column stk-block-column--v3 stk-column stk-block-column--v2 stk-block stk-2150909\" data-block-id=\"2150909\"><div class=\"stk-column-wrapper stk-block-column__content stk-container stk-2150909-container stk--no-background stk--no-padding\"><div class=\"stk-block-content stk-inner-blocks stk-2150909-inner-blocks\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-luminous-vivid-amber-color has-text-color\"><strong>Hunting (shotgun, 22-cal, and 38-cal)<\/strong><br><strong>Domestic stock eating<br>Vegetable growing and eating<br>Peach and cherry eating<br>Ceramic stoneware use<br>Personal adornment (beads)<br>Extensive clothing repair (all types)<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-column stk-block-column stk-block-column--v3 stk-column stk-block-column--v2 stk-block stk-7787b73\" data-block-id=\"7787b73\"><div class=\"stk-column-wrapper stk-block-column__content stk-container stk-7787b73-container stk--no-background stk--no-padding\"><div class=\"stk-block-content stk-inner-blocks stk-7787b73-inner-blocks\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-luminous-vivid-amber-color has-text-color\"><strong>Recreation (smoking, drinking, music)<br>Children activities (dolls and marbles)<br>Teaching (slate boards and markers)<br>Construction (square and wire nails)<br>Intercultural trade and exchange<br>Kerosene lamp use<br>Extensive use of glass containers<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-palette-color-8-color has-text-color\"><strong><span style=\"color: #222222;background-color: var(--theme-palette-color-2, #55a630)\" class=\"stk-highlight\">Modern San Luis Obispo (1903-today):<\/span><br>A change in ownership to western-European immigrants in 1903, led to the final structural change to the adobe. The Victorian era was in full swing and streets in town were finally constructed in 1874-75. The 1903 owners of the adobe decided that the structure needed an upgrade. Additions included an expansion of the residence beyond the adobe walls to the south and a new entrance and covered wooden front porch facing Chorro Street. These additions cut off cultural access to the original adobe cobble porch. Artifacts recovered (see Features 4, 7, 8, and 9) suggest use of store-bought medicines, personal hygiene, laundry activities, kitchen activities, and child&#8217;s play.  High weights of saw-cut bone suggest that meats were obtained from a local butcher rather than by hunting or ranching. This indicates that the residence was a part of a town containing stores and a commercial butcher shop. A change from kerosene light to electricity was noted.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-palette-color-8-color has-text-color has-medium-font-size\"><strong><span style=\"color: #222222;background-color: #f34957\" class=\"stk-highlight\">List of Features and how they were handled<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-luminous-vivid-amber-color has-text-color\"><tbody><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><span style=\"color: #222222;background-color: #f34957\" class=\"stk-highlight\"><strong>Feature #<\/strong><\/span><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong><span style=\"color: #222222;background-color: #f34957\" class=\"stk-highlight\">Description<\/span><\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong><span style=\"color: #222222;background-color: #f34957\" class=\"stk-highlight\">Significance<\/span><\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong><span style=\"color: #222222;background-color: #f34957\" class=\"stk-highlight\">Project Impact<\/span><\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\"><strong><span style=\"color: #222222;background-color: #f34957\" class=\"stk-highlight\">Activity Performed<\/span><\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">1<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Cobble porch south of adobe<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Significant, associated with Freitas Adobe<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">West end destroyed<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Data recovery on portion scheduled for disturbance<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">2<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Sheet trash deposit NE of adobe<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Not significant, continuous deposit throughout parcel<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Feature<br>destroyed<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">No action taken<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">3<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Segment of Mission aqueduct<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Significant, associated with Mission<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Feature<br>destroyed<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Mapped and data recovery<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">4<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Brick alignment<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Not significant,<br>too recent<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Feature<br>destroyed<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Mapped, not collected<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">5<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Cobble pavement east of adobe<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Significant, associated with Freitas Adobe<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Feature<br>destroyed<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Mapped and data recovery<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">6<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Adobe foundation footing west of Freitas Adobe<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Significant, associated with Mission or Adobe<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">To be preserved, but damaged during demolition<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">No action taken<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">7<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Cache of historic bottles west of adobe<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Undetermined due to construction schedule<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Feature destroyed<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Emergency mapping and recovery<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">8<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Buried historic refuse pit<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Undetermined due to construction schedule<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Feature destroyed<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Emergency mapping and recovery<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">9<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Buried historic refuse pit<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Undetermined due to construction schedule<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Feature destroyed<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Emergency mapping and recovery<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">10<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Buried historic refuse pit<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Undetermined due to construction schedule<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Feature destroyed<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Emergency mapping and recovery<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">11<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Buried historic refuse pit<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Undetermined due to construction schedule<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Feature to be preserved<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Mapped only during monitoring<\/td><\/tr><tr><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">12<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Floor inside adobe<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Significant, associated with Freitas Adobe<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">To be preserved, but damaged by trench<\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Emergency mapping and recovery<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Freitas Adobe Native American Use Chinese Immigration Spanish Immigration Archaeological work allows the walls of a 225 year-old adobe to talk Click here to see the entire report Freitas Adobe was most likely constructed as part of the early development of Mission San Luis Obispo (~1788). It measured 32 feet long by 19 feet [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-472","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"blocksy_meta":{"styles_descriptor":{"styles":{"desktop":"","tablet":"","mobile":""},"google_fonts":[],"version":6}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/472","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=472"}],"version-history":[{"count":16,"href":"https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/472\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1321,"href":"https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/472\/revisions\/1321"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=472"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}