{"id":466,"date":"2023-02-21T01:23:11","date_gmt":"2023-02-21T01:23:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/?page_id=466"},"modified":"2023-02-27T19:59:56","modified_gmt":"2023-02-27T19:59:56","slug":"elem-archaeology","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/?page_id=466","title":{"rendered":"Elem Archaeology"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-columns stk-block-columns stk-block stk-d5db3a3\" data-block-id=\"d5db3a3\"><div class=\"stk-row stk-inner-blocks stk-block-content stk-content-align stk-d5db3a3-column\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-column stk-block-column stk-block-column--v3 stk-column stk-block-column--v2 stk-block stk-51b6e4d\" data-block-id=\"51b6e4d\"><div class=\"stk-column-wrapper stk-block-column__content stk-container stk-51b6e4d-container stk--no-background stk--no-padding\"><div class=\"stk-block-content stk-inner-blocks stk-51b6e4d-inner-blocks\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-columns stk-block-columns stk-block stk-b075ebd\" data-block-id=\"b075ebd\"><div class=\"stk-row stk-inner-blocks stk-block-content stk-content-align stk-b075ebd-column\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-column stk-block-column stk-block-column--v3 stk-column stk-block-column--v2 stk-block stk-347c83a\" data-block-id=\"347c83a\"><style>.stk-347c83a-container{background-image:url(https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Elem1870.jpg) !important;background-attachment:fixed !important;background-position:top center !important;background-repeat:no-repeat !important;background-size:contain !important}.stk-347c83a-container:before{background-color:#000000 !important;opacity:0.7 !important}<\/style><div class=\"stk-column-wrapper stk-block-column__content stk-container stk-347c83a-container stk-hover-parent stk--has-background-overlay\"><div class=\"stk-block-content stk-inner-blocks stk-347c83a-inner-blocks\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-luminous-vivid-amber-color has-text-color has-x-large-font-size\"><strong>Elem Archaeology<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-columns stk-block-columns stk-block stk-fe1bbe6\" data-block-id=\"fe1bbe6\"><div class=\"stk-row stk-inner-blocks stk-block-content stk-content-align stk-fe1bbe6-column\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-column stk-block-column stk-block-column--v3 stk-column stk-block-column--v2 stk-block stk-09cb4b7\" data-block-id=\"09cb4b7\"><style>@media screen and (min-width:690px){.stk-09cb4b7{flex:1 1 33.3% !important}}<\/style><div class=\"stk-column-wrapper stk-block-column__content stk-container stk-09cb4b7-container stk--no-background stk--no-padding\"><div class=\"stk-block-content stk-inner-blocks stk-09cb4b7-inner-blocks\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized has-custom-border\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Elem-A1-1.gif\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-841\" style=\"border-radius:10px\" width=\"194\" height=\"234\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><span style=\"color: var(--theme-palette-color-8, #ffffff);\" class=\"stk-highlight\"><strong>The Clear Lake Basin is located ~65 miles north of San Francisco in the Coast Range mountains.<\/strong><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full has-custom-border\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"289\" height=\"236\" src=\"https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Elem-A2-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"has-border-color has-vivid-red-border-color wp-image-842\" style=\"border-width:2px;border-radius:10px\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><strong><span style=\"color: var(--theme-palette-color-8, #ffffff);\" class=\"stk-highlight\">The Elem community is located on the eastern arm of Clear Lake.<\/span><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full has-custom-border\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"289\" height=\"324\" src=\"https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Elem-A3-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-843\" style=\"border-radius:10px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Elem-A3-1.jpg 289w, https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Elem-A3-1-268x300.jpg 268w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 289px) 100vw, 289px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><span style=\"color: var(--theme-palette-color-8, #ffffff);\" class=\"stk-highlight\"><strong>The main village of Elem was located on Rattlesnake Island with the overflow village of <strong>Xuna-dai<\/strong> on the mainland.  During the 1872 Ghost Dance, the Island villagers moved to the mainland to accommodate the many visiting tribes who came for the ceremony.<\/strong><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-stackable-column stk-block-column stk-block-column--v3 stk-column stk-block-column--v2 stk-block stk-36ec0c8\" data-block-id=\"36ec0c8\"><style>@media screen and (min-width:690px){.stk-36ec0c8{flex:1 1 66.7% !important}}<\/style><div class=\"stk-column-wrapper stk-block-column__content stk-container stk-36ec0c8-container stk--no-background stk--no-padding\"><div class=\"stk-block-content stk-inner-blocks stk-36ec0c8-inner-blocks\">\n<p class=\"has-palette-color-8-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-277db29de68648b548131a53fa3c41a3\"><strong>The information presented on these pages was derived from sample archaeological excavations and construction monitoring during an Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) cleanup project that took place during August and September 2006.<br><br>The actual reports are posted at&nbsp;<\/strong><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"http:\/\/ucla.academia.edu\/JohnParkerPhD\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>https:\/\/ucla.academia.edu\/JohnParkerPhD<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-luminous-vivid-amber-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-f5e78ebc45dde548291d55f1be0cf8ac\"><strong>Use the drop-down menu list under the &#8220;Elem Archaeology&#8221; button above to learn about specific artifacts recovered and their meaning.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-palette-color-8-color has-text-color\"><strong><span style=\"color: #222222;background-color: var(--theme-palette-color-2, #55a630)\" class=\"stk-highlight\">Location<\/span><br><br>The Elem Indian Colony is situated along the southeastern shore of the eastern arm of Clear Lake, Lake County, California. &nbsp;The reservation is located near the town of Clearlake Oaks and takes in a small 50+ acre point of land that is surrounded on three sides by the lake.<br><br>The reservation has been home to Native American people for ~14,000 years and has been home to the united Southeastern Pomo communities of Elem, Kamdot, and Koi since 1872.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-palette-color-8-color has-text-color\"><strong><span style=\"color: #222222;background-color: var(--theme-palette-color-2, #55a630)\" class=\"stk-highlight\">The Elem Community<\/span><br><br>The Elem Native American community has been recognized by early explorers, linguists, and ethnographers for 150 years. &nbsp;There is evidence that Russians from Fort Ross and Salvadore Vallejo visited Clear Lake in the 1820\u2019s and 30\u2019s. &nbsp;There is also an account of Hudson\u2019s Bay Company trappers passing through the area in 1832-33 (Work 1945).<br><br>The first published mention of the Southeastern Pomo village of Elem (?lem) seems to have been by Gibbs (1853:109). &nbsp;Gibbs accompanied Colonel Redick McKee (United States Indian Agent) through northwestern California during the summer and fall of 1851. &nbsp;During this expedition, the chief of the How-ku-ma tribe (Southeastern Pomo village of Elem) participated in treaty negotiations with McKee. &nbsp;In 1871 and 1872, Stephen Powers traveled through California and studied the Native cultures. &nbsp;He visited Clear Lake and wrote about the Makh\u2019el-chel (Southeastern Pomo) (Powers 1877:214).<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-palette-color-8-color has-text-color\"><strong>The information presented on these pages was derived from sample archaeological excavations and construction monitoring during an during All work took place within the known boundaries of archaeological sites CA-LAK-76 and 2044. &nbsp;Re-deposited soils from site CA-LAK-82 were also sampled.<br><br>The data recovered indicate that large portions of LAK-76 were intact and contained significant amounts of cultural material. &nbsp;The data suggest that LAK-72 was a permanent year-round village location that has housed native people from ~14,000 years ago to the present.<br><br>Prehistoric cultural materials indicate the following activities were taking place at the site:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"has-luminous-vivid-amber-color has-text-color wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>The manufacture of chipped stone tools,<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Gathering and preparation of hard seeds (grains, pine nut, and sage <\/strong><strong>seeds) and soft nuts (acorns),<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Fishing, fowling, hunting, and the gathering of freshwater shellfish<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>The manufacture of shell beads and personal adornment items.<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Human burial and other ceremonial activities.<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Trade and exchange with outside groups.<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-palette-color-8-color has-text-color\"><strong>Historic cultural materials indicate the following activities were taking<br>place at the site:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"has-luminous-vivid-amber-color has-text-color wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Gardening\/farming, animal husbandry, and other agricultural <\/strong><strong>activities.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Fishing, boating and other lake related activities.<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Stick frame house construction and maintenance.<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Transportation activities (both automobile and pre-automobile).<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Cultural interaction with overseas Chinese.<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Household activities (cooking, cleaning, etc.).<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Recreational activities, both adult and children (games, toys, etc.<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Ceremonial activities (traditional).<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Elem Archaeology The information presented on these pages was derived from sample archaeological excavations and construction monitoring during an Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) cleanup project that took place during August and September 2006. The actual reports are posted at&nbsp;https:\/\/ucla.academia.edu\/JohnParkerPhD Use the drop-down menu list under the &#8220;Elem Archaeology&#8221; button above to learn about specific artifacts [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-466","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"blocksy_meta":{"styles_descriptor":{"styles":{"desktop":"","tablet":"","mobile":""},"google_fonts":[],"version":6}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/466","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=466"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/466\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":846,"href":"https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/466\/revisions\/846"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wolfcreekarcheology.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=466"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}